Commander (Launch): Exp. 18
Yuri Lonchakov
(RKA Exp. 18 Third Space Flight)
Michael Fincke
(NASA Exp. 18 Second Space Flight) Engineer
Richard Garriot Participant
(SA - Tourist - First Space Flight)
Charles Simonyi Participant
(SA - Tourist - Second - First Space Flight)                                                                                        
Backup Crew: Commander: Gennady Padalka, RKA
Michael Barratt - NASA, Flight (Launch) Engineer
Nik Halik, SA - Flight Participant (Tourist)
Esther Dyson, SA - Flight Participant (Tourist)                                                                        
Soyuz TMA-13 (Russian Союз ТМА-13, Union TMA-13) was a Soyuz mission to the Internation Space Station (ISS). The spacecraft was launched by a Soyuz-FG rocket at 07:01 GMT on 12 October 2008. It undocked at 02:55 GMT on 8 April 2009, performed a deorbit burn at 06:24, and landed at 07:16. By some counts, Soyuz TMA-13 is the 100th Soyuz spacecraft to be crewed.









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Pages within this section: Soyuz  (GG)

Soyuz TMA-13

Pages within this section:
courtesy: Wikipedia.org
spacefacts.de
Cosmonauts                
Soyuz 103 TMA-13
 
Richard Garriott became another space tourist. He is the son of the US astronaut Owen Garriott. Following a two-day solo flight Soyuz TMA-13 docked to ISS on October 14, 2008. Yuri Lonchakov and Michael Fincke replaced Expedition 17 crew members Sergei Volkov and Oleg Kononenko.

Due to bad weather in the landing area the return was delayed one day.
The Soyuz spacecraft is composed of three elements attached end-to-end - the Orbital Module, the Descent Module and the Instrumentation/Propulsion Module. The crew occupied the central element, the Descent Module. The other two modules are jettisoned prior to re-entry. They burn up in the atmosphere, so only the Descent Module returned to Earth.
The deorbit burn lasted 261 seconds. Having shed two-thirds of its mass, the Soyuz reached Entry Interface - a point 400,000 feet (121.9 kilometers) above the Earth, where friction due to the thickening atmosphere began to heat its outer surfaces. With only 23 minutes left before it lands on the grassy plains of central Asia, attention in the module turned to slowing its rate of descent.

Eight minutes later, the spacecraft was streaking through the sky at a rate of 755 feet (230 meters) per second. Before it touched down, its speed slowed to only 5 feet (1.5 meter) per second, and it lands at an even lower speed than that. Several onboard features ensure that the vehicle and crew land safely and in relative comfort.

Four parachutes, deployed 15 minutes before landing, dramatically slowed the vehicle's rate of descent. Two pilot parachutes were the first to be released, and a drogue chute attached to the second one followed immediately after. The drogue, measuring 24 square meters (258 square feet) in area, slowed the rate of descent from 755 feet (230 meters) per second to 262 feet (80 meters) per second.

The main parachute was the last to emerge. It is the largest chute, with a surface area of 10,764 square feet (1,000 square meters). Its harnesses shifted the vehicle's attitude to a 30-degree angle relative to the ground, dissipating heat, and then shifted it again to a straight vertical descent prior to landing.

The main chute slowed the Soyuz to a descent rate of only 24 feet (7.3 meters) per second, which is still too fast for a comfortable landing. One second before touchdown, two sets of three small engines on the bottom of the vehicle fired, slowing the vehicle to soften the landing.