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William I
1. Type I (1066-67) - The profile left/cross fleury penny was struck soon after William's victory. The example shown here was struck by Aelfsi in London
2. Type II (1067-70) - The bonnet/cross pyramids penny was struck soon after William established control over larger portions of England, and the pyramids may represent Halley's comet of 1066 that was taken as an omen for his victory at Hastings. The example shown here was struck by Eadwine in London.
3. Type III (1070-73) - The canopy/quadrilateral fleury penny was struck after William's Easter coronation at Winchester in 1070. The example shown here was struck by Ceorl in Bristol.
4. Type IV (1073-76) - The two sceptres/cross fleury over saltaire botonne penny was struck about midway between the Type III and Type V pennies. The example shown here was struck by Godinc in London.
5. Type V (1076-79) - The two stars/cross with pyramids penny was struck soon after the appearance of a bright comet on November, 1075, and the two stars represent the new comet and Halley's of 1066. The example shown here was struck by Manna in Canterbur
6. Type VI (1079-82) The rare sword type penny was struck between the two stars and the Type VII pennies.This example was struck by Ulf in Lincoln.
7. Type VII (1082-84) - The profile right type penny is the rarest of the pennies of William I. This example was struck by Wulfwine in London. 8. Type VIII (1084-88) - The PAX penny was struck at the end of reign of William I and continued into the reign of William II. The example shown here was struck by Aelfred in London.
7&8. Type VII/VIII mule (1084) - Sometimes, dies from two different types were erronously used to strike a coin. This error type is called a "mule," and they were supposed to have been caught at the mint and melted down. However, in some extremely rare cases, mules made their way out of the mint and survived. Mules play an important role in determining the sequence of types. This example has a reverse die of Aestan and was struck in Winchester.

The Norman coins of England begin with those of William I (the Conqueror) after his victory over the last Anglo-Saxon king, Harold II, at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, and continue through those of William II (Rufus), Henry I, and Stephen. There has been considerable debate over the past 100 years as to the ordering and dates of issuance for each type struck. Analysis of die links and mules (different type obverse/reverse combinations) has determined the ordering of types for most of the issues, but the dates of issuance for each type is still somewhat uncertain.