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1. Henry I 110-1135 AD
Type I (1100-02) - Bust with annulets type. This example was struck by Læsinc in York and is extremely rare and believed to be unique. Although a Laising is recorded as a moneyer at York for later types of Henry I (type X onwards), this is probably a coin of the Læsinc who is recorded as a moneyer under William II; the long time gap suggests that they are two different moneyers. Only one other coin of this type is known for York (now in the British Museum)
2. Type II (1102-04) - Profile left type. This example was struck by Smaewine in London
3. Type III (1104-05) - PAX and four annulets type. The annulets on the reverse may have been inspired by four solar circles witnessed in June of 1104. This example was struck by Ealdgar in London.
4. Type IV (1105-06) - Annulets & Piles type. This example was struck by Gocwine in Wallingford.
5. Type V (1106-07) - Bust with star/voided cross and fleurs type. The star may represent the comet of February, 1106. This cut half penny was struck by Godric in Hastings or Huntingdon.
6. Type VI (1107-10) - The pointing bust penny was struck after the victory at Tinchebrai in September 1106. This coin is normally found with three stars to the right of the bust, and may represent the three comets associated with Norman victories. A variety of this coin is found with a fourth star at the end of the obverse legend, and this variety is shown here. It was struck by Aelfwine in London.
7. Type IX (1110-14) - The facing bust with star/cross in quatrefoil with four annulets penny may have been struck after the comet of 1110 (star). The example shown here was struck by Manwine in Dover. It is the only type ix penny known from this mint - unique.
8. Type VII (1114-17) - Facing bust/quatrefoil with pyramids (comet of 1114) type. The example shown here was struck by Aelfraed in London and is rare. The spelling of the moneyer's name is unusual.
9. Type VIII (1117-19) - Bust left type. This example was struck by Godwine in Chichester and was found in the Beauvais hoard. This is the only known example struck in Chichester, and is one of the best examples of this extremely rare type.
10. Type XI (1119-21) - Double inscription type. The example shown here was struck by Sperling in London and is rare. It was found near Beauvais, France (Pimprez Hoard).
11. Type X (1121-24) - Facing bust/cross fleury type. The example shown here was struck by Algar in London and is extremely rare. It is believed to be only the second known specimen and the only one in private hands, the other being the specimen from the Lincoln Hoard, now in the collection of the City and County Museum, Lincoln
12. Type XII (1124-27) - Bust left with rosette. The rosette is a solar symbol representing the total eclipse of April 11, 1124. The example shown here was struck by Stigant in Winchester.
13. Type XIII (1127-30) - Bust left/star in quatrefoil type. The star represents the comet of December, 1126. The example shown here was struck by Edward in Canterbury.
14. Type XIV (1130-32) - Facing bust with star/pellets in quatrefoil type. The example shown here was struck by Ordgar in London.
15. Type XV (1132-35) - Bust left/quadrilateral on cross fleury type. The example shown here was struck by Helhi in Exeter.
The Norman coins of England begin with those of William I (the Conqueror) after his victory over the last Anglo-Saxon king, Harold II, at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, and continue through those of William II (Rufus), Henry I, and Stephen. There has been considerable debate over the past 100 years as to the ordering and dates of issuance for each type struck. Analysis of die links and mules (different type obverse/reverse combinations) has determined the ordering of types for most of the issues, but the dates of issuance for each type is still somewhat uncertain.