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British Sterling Currency - Numismatics,
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Half Crown
William & Mary  1689-1694  AD  

William III (4 November 1650 - 8 March 1702) (Dutch: Willem III) was a sovereign Prince of Orange by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange (Dutch: Willem III van Oranje) over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England  and Ireland, and as William II over Scotland. He is informally known in Northern Ireland  and Scotland as "King Billy". A member of the House of Orange-Nassau , William won the English, Scottish, and Irish crowns following the Glorious Revolution, in which his uncle and father-in-law, James II, was deposed. In the British Isles, William ruled jointly with his wife, Mary II , until her death on 28 December 1694. The period of their joint reign is often referred to as "William and Mary ".

Mary II (30 April 1662 - 28 December 1694) was Queen regnant of England, Scotland, and Ireland  from 1689 until her death. Mary, a Protestant, came to the thrones following the Glorious Revolution, which resulted in the deposition of her Roman Catholic father, James II and VII. Mary reigned jointly with her husband and first cousin, William III and II, who became sole ruler upon her death in 1694. Popular histories usually refer to the joint reigns as those of "William and Mary".

Mary wielded less power than William during the parts of her reign when William remained in England, ceding most of her authority to her husband, though he heavily relied on her. She did, however, govern the realms alone when William was engaged in military campaigns , which she ruled as its Supreme Governor. Though she shared the post with her husband, she largely exercised its power alone.

The series is made more complex by a variety of mint marks during the reigns of William III and Anne, and provenance marks indicating where the silver had come from. In addition the coins of 1696 had large or small shields (ls and ss on the values list) and early or ordinary harps (eh and oh).
Coins minted in London had no mark, but other mints were used and had the following marks:

1696 to 1698
B Bristol
C Chester
E Exeter
N Norwich
y York

1707 to 1709

E Edinburgh 
The following list gives the provenance marks listed on the values page:
ec: Elephant and Castle (from Africa Company)
el: Elephant  (from Africa Company)
pl: Plumes (below bust and/or on the reverse, from Wales)
V : VIGO (captured in Vigo Bay)
rp: roses and plumes  (from the Company for smelting down lead from Pitcoale and Seacole)
SSC: SSC (South Sea Company)
r : roses (as for roses and plumes)
L : LIMA (captured by Admiral Anson) 
Royal Monarchy
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